The family Loasaceae comprises ca. 350 species, with its highest diversity in the Andean and peri-Andean regions of South America. Although significant progress has been made in clarifying the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of the family, there are still many questions that await resolution, even in relatively well-known contries. Chile, with ca. 50 species, represents has the third highest species number of Loasaceae  after after Peru (ca. 100 spp.) and the United States (94 spp.). Chile has not only a high number of species, but also a high percentage of endemism with ca. 50% of the species not recorded outside the national territory. The most recent taxonomic treatment for whole Loasaceae at a national level dates to 1901. The flurry of newly described species in the 19th century was followed by a long slump in progress of the understanding of Loasaceae in Chile. Only two species were described as new to science (Caiophora deserticola from Chile and Peru and Loasa mollensis endemic to Chile). We are aware of only one published new country record for the period 1901-2008 (Loasa nitida). However, studies in the last 6 years, often involving transcontinental collaboration, have recovered 2 new country records, ‘’resurrected’’ 2 distinctive, previously ‘’forgotten’’ species (1 of those endemic to Chile) and found 2 previously undescribed taxa (both endemic to Chile). Despite this progress, several challenges remain: The considerable infraspecific variation in  species of Loasa ser. Macrospermae is inadequately reflected by current taxonomy and the correct use of some of the names remains obscure. Also, the taxa currently accepted in Pinnasa/Loasa ser. Pinnatae do not adequately reflect what is known about the phylogeny of the group.