Reticulation has long been recognized as an important mechanism in the evolution of plants. These non-bifurcating evolutionary histories can arise from hybridization and polyploidy, which are prevalent throughout vascular plants. This is particularly evident in ferns with nearly one-third of speciation events in ferns accompanied by a change in ploidy in comparison to just 15% in angiosperms. The use of genome-wide data (e.g., phylogenomics) has been instrumental in resolving non-bifurcating evolutionary histories. Polyploidy is abundant in the vining ferns, Lygodium, which comprise a small clade of ferns with current classifications recognizing between 20 and 40 with a unique habit as the only group of vining ferns. Despite having relatively few species, Lygodium spp. have substantial ecological and economic impacts across their range; there are several ethnobotanical uses in their native ranges, while other taxa are highly successful invasive species. Here, we use a target-capture dataset to explore the phylogeny of Lygodium to 1) reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of Lygodium globally, 2) identify polyploid taxa and their putative diploid progenitors, and 3) asses the roles of autopolyploidy, allopolyploidy, aneuploidy in the evolution of this clade. Using the GoFlag408 probes, we assembled a dataset of 380 nuclear loci and developed the largest and most well-resolved phylogeny for the clade to date. Together with existing and newly generated genome size estimates, chromosome counts, and spore size measurements, we used alleleic phasing to explore hypotheses about the origin of several polyploid and hybrid taxa in Lygodium.