Oral Paper

         Education and Outreach

Communicating the Effects of Toxic Plant Genera to Cat Owners

Presenting Author
Amelia Schmidt
Description
In the United States, feline poisonings account for approximately 7% of calls to the Animal Poisoning Control Center (APCC). Many house and garden plants are toxic to domesticated cats, and these cats are at risk of interacting with toxic plants due to behavior and innate curiosity. Owners must be aware of potentially toxic plants in their homes to properly ensure their animals’ health and welfare. We compiled a guide to poisonous plants for cat owners in Virginia to increase owner efficacy in the identification of potentially toxic plant genera, as well as educate owners on the signs and symptoms of plant-generated toxicosis in felines. The guide addresses the 16 most reported plant genera recorded through the ASPCA poisoning hotline and provides information regarding plant identification and toxicological effects when ingested. Though a total of 200 plant genera were reported as toxic to felines via the hotline, those with under 20 occurrences were excluded from the guide. The genera Lilium, Spathiphyllum, Alstroemeria, Allium, and Hemerocallis constituted the most reports and thus were highlighted in the guide along with 11 other plant genera submitted to the call center. Most plant genera cited in the guide were non-native ornamental plants. These ornamentals are common house and flowering plants and are likely used in decorative settings such as flower bouquets or for aesthetic purposes. We performed a literature review in order to collect information on identifying features of toxic plant genera, symptoms, time of onset, and toxic portions of the plants. Literature findings were sorted by genera and then combined into paragraph form for the guide. Not all the genera reported are regarded as true toxins as certain genera, such as Alstroemeria, are classified as irritants and do not cause death. The most common affected areas of the animal after ingestion or contact with a genus regarded as toxic to cats include gastrointestinal tract and renal upset, nervous system disruption, throat and facial irritation, and cardiac dysregulation. Within the gastrointestinal and renal systems, symptoms of vomiting, anorexia, and irregular urination are common. Disorientation and ataxia are common symptoms regarding nervous system disruption while swelling and excessive salivation are associated with throat and facial irritation. Symptoms of cardiac dysregulation include irregular heart rate or breathing. Overall, the guide aims to provide owners with knowledge about toxins their cats may be exposed to prevent feline poisonings and ensure that their feline companion remains safe in their home environment.