Agarista is a little-known and understudied genus of subshrubs to trees in the blueberry family (Ericaceae). The genus includes about 33 species, with one variable and widely distributed species occurring along the mountains of tropical Africa and the islands of the western Indian ocean, and the other around 32 species endemics to tropical mountains and temperate lowlands of the Americas. Despite the monographic and cladistic previous works providing an excellent opportunity to test the monophyly of Agarista and species circumscriptions through a phyletic approach, sampling for phylogenetic assessment has been sparse. Only 6% of the Agarista species are represented in phylogenetic, biogeographic and evolutionary studies based on molecular data. Thus, my research is in view of provide a systematic study of Agarista focusing on the Neotropical species, especially in the Brazilian diverse center. My study comprises morphological data, taxonomic revision, molecular phylogenetic analysis, evolutionary character reconstruction, and biogeographic analysis. I am testing the monophyly of Agarista and reconstructing a phylogenetic hypothesis for its evolution. We know that the American species are distributed among five main geographic areas previously defined. Except for Agarista duckei with a disjunct distribution, each of these areas comprises an endemic set of species. On this hand, I am also looking for to understand how morphological characters evolved within the group and, based on biogeographic analysis, test hypotheses of past connections among these currently isolated set of species in South America. In view to accomplish it, besides the literature review and analysis of the protologues and types, 22 Brazilian and six North American herbaria were revised in person, plus the herbaria revised through their specific websites. Besides that, 15 taxonomic entities, including species, varieties and hybrid morphotypes were collected in three fieldwork expeditions. Until now, 17 typifications were proposed for the names in Agarista, being one neotypification, 16 lectotypifications and five epitypes designations. Currently, we confirm the occurrence of 33 species in the Neotropics, 22 of them Brazilian, being 20 endemics to this country. The next steps comprise the molecular analysis that are in progress in the Botanical Research Institute of Texas in view to clarify the evolutive and biogeographical history of the genus.