Oral Paper

         Macroevolution

Pattern, Timing and Biotic Context of Diversification in Justicia

Presenting Author
Carrie Kiel
Description
Western Hemisphere Justicia (Acanthaceae) (400 spp.) comprises incredible diversity of corolla color, form, and size. This group also encompasses fascinating micromorphological diversity in pollen:  size, shape, exine ornamentation, and even aperture number vary widely. These pollen traits have been posited to have taxonomic value in Justicia, and have been traditionally used in infrageneric classifications. However, results from our previous phylogenetic study of Justicia point to considerable homoplasy in many of these traits. Preliminary data also show that micro-structures of pollen across a clade (30 spp.) of Justicia are correlated with corolla form in a pattern that is consistent with pollination syndromes: hummingbird, Lepidopteran, and bee/fly. Here we expand this earlier work by conducting a broad-scale examination across the entire Western Hemisphere Justicia lineage using a time-calibrated phylogenetic hypothesis constructed from ddradseq data. We take an integrative and comparative approach to test the hypothesis that palynological variation is linked to pollination syndromes. We also test for patterns of convergence of these traits and assess diversification rates in this remarkably species-rich lineage.