A Pennsylvanian flora from the Lawrence Shale (Virgilian) of Kansas provides an opportunity to characterize a rich and diverse coal swamp flora. The material is preserved as compression/impressions within fine grained sediments that indicate the plant parts were deposited during a low energy episode close to their original habitat. Due to this preservational event, numerous articulated remains were recovered. The composition of this flora includes sphenophytes, lycophytes, pteridophytes and pteridosperms. Within this assemblage sphenophyte foliage morphotypes Annularia, Asterophyllites, Sphenophyllum, Daubreeia, Paleostachys/Calamostachys-type cones and axes of Calamites are documented. Several types of lycopod axes are also present, including Lepidophylloides, Stigmaria and an unusual abundance of Lepidostrobus, with some cones being up to 25 cm long. Pteridophytes such as Asterotheca, Dicksonites, Pecopteris, Alloiopteris, Acitheca are a major component of this flora with many of them being fertile. Pteridosperms are well represented and several morphotypes of foliage and reproductive structures reveal their diversity. These include Neuropteris, Alethopteris, Aphlebia and Trigonocarpus up to 8 cm in length. The lyginopterids, although somewhat scarce, are characterized by minute delicate Sphenopteris, Telangiopsis-like pollen organs and small ovoid lyginopterid-type ovules. Cordaites leaves and Cordaitanthus are also present. Interactions between plants and arthropods are indicated by gall-like structures on leaves and marginal feeding scars. The Pennsylvanian coal swamp flora of Kansas was previously characterized using compression/impressions plant fossils from 77 different localities (Cridland et al., 1963). The flora presented here allows for further interpretation of this Late Pennsylvanian coal swamp forest. Some components of the Lawrence Shale flora differ from what was previously documented for the Carboniferous of Kansas, providing a more detailed regional reconstruction of a swamp flora during a time of a glacial-interglacial cycle.