Symposia

         Global Change and Plant Reproductive Failure: Beyond Climate Change Effects: An Annals of Botany Sponsored Symposium

Global Change Wildcards and Plant Reproduction

Presenting Author
Rowan Sage
Description
Human-caused climate change is receiving unprecedented attention due to the threat it presents to human society and planetary health.  However, humanity is impacting the global environment in profound ways beyond climate change, and these “global change drivers” represent a direct threat to the worlds flora in addition to and in combination with climate change.  Major global change drivers in addition to climate change are land use change, eutrophication of landscapes, bioinvasions, direct effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment, fresh water appropriation, and species exploitation. The most vulnerable phase of a plant’s life cycle is reproduction, from flowering to establishment.  How global change drivers influence plant reproduction will be summarized in this overview, with particular attention paid to the wildcards of global change, which are processes not readily foreseen nor understood, yet will have a large influence over Earth’s biota (Srivastava et al. 2021. Ecological Monographs 91:e01471). In the context of plant reproduction, wildcards include threshold effects that lead to reproductive failure, such as heat sterility of pollen and ovules, early-season fire during seedling establishment, or loss of pollinator and dispersal agents from exotic disease.  Global change drivers acting in concert are a particular concern, as can be seen in cases where habitat fragmentation from land expropriation combines with bioinvasions, eutrophication, and climate change to suppress reproductive success.  While the focus on climate change is appropriate,  overlooking the other global change drivers establishes the potential for missing critical wildcards that can collapse floras, regardless of climate change impacts.  We argue that global change wildcards need to be recognized as a particular concern, and their impacts on plant reproduction emphasized when establishing research and conservation priorities.